ABSTRACT
Two cases of Papillary cystic tumor of pancreas--one metastasizing to lymph node and the other non-metastasizing are reported for their rare occurrence. Both occurred in young females and presented with heaviness and pain in the left hypochondrium with palpable mass. On radiological examination, mass was arising from tail of pancreas and had typical gross features. The histological findings seen in metastasizing tumor were capsular invasion, infiltration to surrounding pancreatic tissue and vascular invasion with metastasis to lymph node. Difference in nuclear grade or mitosis was not observed. Adjuvant chemotherapy was given for metastasizing tumor and patient is symptom free after 56 month. Non-metastasizing case is well after 15 months.
Subject(s)
Adult , Carcinoma, Papillary/pathology , Female , Humans , Lymphatic Metastasis , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Pancreas/pathology , Pancreatic Cyst/pathology , Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
Undergraduate medical education is currently undergoing extensive re-evaluation with new core educational objectives being defined. Consequently, new exam systems have also been designed to test the objectives. Objective structured practical examination (OSPE) is one of them. We conducted OSPE in a regular batch of 64 students. The batch was divided into 4 groups, one group taking the conventional practical exam and the other groups OSPE with minor variations. Different aspects were compared and analyzed and we found that OSPE was more objective, measured practical skills better, had a wide discrimination index and eliminated examiner bias. The questionnaire given to the students revealed a high acceptance rate among them.
Subject(s)
Education, Medical, Undergraduate , Educational Measurement/methods , Humans , India , Pathology/education , Surveys and QuestionnairesSubject(s)
Adult , Echinococcosis/parasitology , Female , Humans , Kidney Diseases/parasitology , NephrectomyABSTRACT
The mass implementation of short term multi-drug therapy in India, has led to dramatic falls in the prevalence of leprosy. This paper addresses the future role of non-governmental organizations currently involved in leprosy control. This evaluation is based on current trends in leprosy control, projected health needs in the future and the necessity to maximize health care outputs in the face of limited resources.
Subject(s)
Drug Therapy, Combination , Financial Management , Forecasting , Health Policy , Health Promotion/organization & administration , Humans , India/epidemiology , Interinstitutional Relations , Leprosy/drug therapy , Mass Screening/organization & administration , Prevalence , Preventive Health Services/organization & administration , Voluntary Health Agencies/organization & administrationABSTRACT
A total of 30 leprosy patients (controls n = 16; topical phenytoin n = 14) with trophic ulcers on the feet were investigated to ascertain the efficacy of topical phenytoin powder in the healing of ulcers. The ulcers in the two groups were matched for initial size. Healing patterns were assessed by determining changes in depth and planar (surface) dimensions at weekly intervals over a three week study period. Results indicate that while immobilization of the ulcer site is effective in promoting ulcer healing, additional use of topical phenytoin accelerates the healing process. There may however be non-responders to topical phenytoin.